G protein type for respective receptors
“KISS and KICK till you’re SICK of SEX” (QISS and QIQ till you’re SIQ of SQS):
This gives the G-protein type (Gq, Gi, or Gs) for all the receptors. Receptors are in alphabetical order:

• alpha1=Q
• alpha2=I
• beta1=S
• beta3=S
• M1=Q
• M2=I
• M3=Q
• D1=S
• D2=I
• H1=Q
• H2=S
• V1=Q
• V2=S

Golgi complex: functions
“Golgi Distributes A SPAM“:

• Distributes proteins and lipids from ER
• Add mannose onto specific lysosome proteins
• Sulfation of sugars and slected tyrosine
• Proteoglycan assembly
• Add O-oligosugars to serine and threnonine
• Modify N-ologosugars on asparagine

Metabolic acidosis (normal anion-gap): causes
With hyperkalemia: RAISE K+:

• RTA type 4
• Aldosterone or mineralocorticord deficiency
• Iatrogenic: NH4Cl, HCl
• “Stenosis”: obstructive uropathy
• Early uremia

With hypokalemia: ReDUCE K+:

• Renal TA type 1 and 2
• Diarrhoea
• Urine diversion into gut
• Carbonate anhydrase inhibitor
• Ex-hyperventilation

Metabolism sites
“Use both arms to HUG“:

• Heme synthesis
• Urea cycle
• Gluconeogenesis

These reactions occur in both cytoplasm and mitochondria.

Na/K pump action
(Sing loudly to the chorus of “Kiss Him Goodbye”): “Na, Na, Na — out! Na, Na, Na — out! K, Kgoes…inside!”
Action of pump is 3 Na out and 2 K in

Na/K pump: concentrations of Na vs. K on inside/outside of cell, pump action, number of molecules moved
HIKIN‘:
There is a HIgh K concentration INside the cell.
From this can deduce that the Na/K pump pumps K into cell and Na out of cell.
Alternatively: When I was learning this pump (circa 1992), a band that was “in” was Kris Kross, and a band that was “out” was “Sha Na Na Na“:
So pump moves K K (2 K) in and Na Na Na (3 Na) out.
Sadly, as infectious as their debut album was, Kris Kross can really no longer be classed as “in”.

Na+/K+ pump: movement of ions and quantity
K+ and in each consist of 2 characters, so so 2 K+ are pumped in.
Na+ and out each consist of 3 characters, so 3 Na+ are pumped out.

 Tangier’s disease: hallmark
“Tangierene tonsils”:
Hallmark is large orange tonsils.
Important clinical note: there is no increased risk of atherosclerosis, just like eating tangerenes.

Cell division
“People Meet And Talk.”

• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase